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Map Key
Address hate or bias crimes based on sexual orientation only
10 States
Address hate or bias crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity
10 States
Have a Law that Eliminates a Bias Rage or Panic Defense in Criminal Acts
14 States & DC
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All but four states (Arkansas, Indiana, South Carolina and Wyoming) have laws addressing the scourge of hate crimes, but there is variation in the list of enumerated protected classes. The laws that address hate or bias crimes against LGBTQ+ people are as follows.
*Laws lacking LGBTQ+ inclusion: States that have a law that addresses hate or bias crimes based, but do not expressly address either sexual orientation or gender identity (15 states): Alabama, Alaska, Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah (no categories listed), and West Virginia.
**Data Collection Only: Indiana (sexual orientation), Michigan (sexual orientation) and Rhode Island (gender identity).
Updated June 5, 2023
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